Research Articles
http://ir.must.ac.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/1842
2024-03-28T11:25:18ZThe effect of prescription patterns on the performance of the pharmacy department of a Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda
http://ir.must.ac.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/3475
The effect of prescription patterns on the performance of the pharmacy department of a Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda
Mbabazize, Gerald Manzi; Kagisha, Vedaste; Njunwa, Kato J.; Oloro, Joseph
Background: Poor drug prescription patterns (PP) result in irrational medicine use, avoidable stock outs and drug expiries.
Objective: This study primarily assessed the effects of PP on the performance of the pharmacy department (PD) of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) Uganda.
Methods: This was a mixed method cross-sectional study conducted in the outpatient department (OPD) of MRRH, questionnaires were administered to 86 prescribers and 300 patient prescriptions were reviewed. Ethical clearance was granted and informed consent of patients. Data were analysed, presented in the form of graphs, tables.
Results: The overall prescription fillratewas60.5%, being higher among dental officers and lower among those who did not adhere to generic prescribing and EML. Medical officers made most prescriptions at 69.3%. Prescriptions with four (47.1%) and six (17.5%) medicines respectively were made by clinical officers. Of the 300 prescriptions, 76% adhered to the Essential Medicines List (EML), 62% used generic name including 87.3% from dental officers and 52.9% by clinical officers. The overall prescription fill rate was 60.5%, being higher among dental officers and lower among those who did not adhere to generic prescribing and EML. Medical officers made most prescriptions at 69.3%. Prescriptions with four (47.1%) and six (17.5%) medicines respectively were made by clinical officers. Of the 300 prescriptions, 76% adhered to the Essential Medicines List (EML), 62% used generic name including 87.3% from dental officers and 52.9% by clinical officers.
Conclusion: Prescription pattern affected the performance of the PD of MRRH, calling for its continued monitoring to ensure that guidelines are upheld, EML and UCG are availed and utilized.
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZImmuno-Kachiks formula immunomodulates and ameliorates hepatic damage induced by monosodium glutamate in rats
http://ir.must.ac.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/3474
Immuno-Kachiks formula immunomodulates and ameliorates hepatic damage induced by monosodium glutamate in rats
Kachiko, Geoffrey; Weisheita, Anke; Ajayia, Clement Olusoji; Toloa, Casim Umba; Tusiimire, Jonans
The immune system plays a vital role in controlling liver fibrosis and enhancing the pathogenesis of liver inflammation. Monosodium glutamate is a common flavor-enhancement food additive. This study evaluated the immunomodulatory and hepato-curative effects of the Immuno-Kachiks polyherbal formulation against monosodium glutamate-induced immune suppression and hepatic damage in rats. Monosodium glutamate was given orally at a 2000 mg/kg dose to male Wistar rats for three months to induce liver damage and immune suppression. After three months of successful induction, three groups were separately administered orally with Immuno-Kachiks formula at 400, 800, and 1500 mg/kg/day for 28 days. At the end of the treatment period, liver and blood samples were collected for histological and biochemical analysis. The lymphocyte count remained significantly low while the neutrophil count and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio increased significantly, despite the cessation of monosodium glutamate ingestion for 28 days. The Immuno-Kachiks formula (IKF) significantly increased the lymphocyte count, reduced the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and normalized the neutrophil count. Neither monosodium glutamate nor the IKF significantly caused alpha-fetoprotein levels to rise or fall below normal. High doses (800 and 1500 mg/kg) of the Immuno-Kachiks formula significantly raised serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin. 1500 mg/kg of the IKF caused mild liver inflammation. The IKF restored the liver morphologic alterations observed in monosodium glutamate-induced liver damage in rats. The results suggest that the Immuno- Kachiks herbal formulation is a potential curative agent for early-stage liver damage and could restore suppressed adaptive immunity.
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZFrom Toxins to Drugs: Chemistry and Pharmacology of Animal Venom and other Secretions
http://ir.must.ac.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/3406
From Toxins to Drugs: Chemistry and Pharmacology of Animal Venom and other Secretions
Mtewa, Andrew G; Bekele, Tamirat; Amanjot, Annu
Animal secretions are currently proving more than before to be one of the best sources of drugs for current and future health complications. Well managed and optimized, their chemical compounds can as well be used to prevent diseases. Insects, mammals, birds and lizards are some of the animals with bioactive peptides. These bioactives come from skin, saliva, venom, excreta, tissues and other fluids among others sources. Animal secretion uses as drugs have been proven both from history of community use as well as from laboratory benches. Drug development and designing from animals requires in-depth studies of the chemistry and pharmacology of the compounds responsible for bioactivities. Peptides form the largest part of these bioactive secretions. They are naturally unstable, and their handling and storage ways need to be optimized to maintain structure
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZAfrican Progress in Drug Development Chemistry; a 100 Years Update
http://ir.must.ac.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/3405
African Progress in Drug Development Chemistry; a 100 Years Update
Mtewa, Andrew Glory; Deyno, Serawit; Annu, Amanjot
Africa is currently very active in the search for drugs particularly with focus on the preclinical phases of drug discovery. This work aimed at determining the extent to which Africa has gone with research and studies in advanced stages of drug discovery in the past 100 years which is the development stage. Drug development in this context refers to the identification and optimization of proven bioactive molecules beyond the pre-clinical trial phases approved or with potential to be approved as a drug against biological targets
2018-01-01T00:00:00Z