Browsing Research Articles by Title
Now showing items 178-197 of 224
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Qualitative Study of Changes in Alcohol Use Among HIV-Infected Adults Entering Care and Treatment for HIV/AIDS in Rural Southwest Ugand
(AIDS and Behavior, 2015)Alcohol has a substantial negative impact on the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Uganda, where heavy alcohol consumption is common. Using a content analytic approach, this qualitative study characterizes ... -
Quantifying the burden of cardiovascular diseases among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: Findings from a modeling study for Uganda
(Journal of Global Health Reports, 2020)Background: The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is rapidly increasing in low- and middle-income countries, but remains largely unknown among people living with HIV (PLWH) in most sub-Saharan African countries. ... -
Rate of clearance of infection is independently associated with clinical outcome in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: analysis of a combined cohort of 262 patients
(Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2009)Background—Progress in therapy of cryptococcal meningitis has been slow because of the lack of a suitable marker of treatment response. Previously, we demonstrated the statistical power of a novel endpoint, the rate of ... -
Real-time Adherence Monitoring of Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-infected Adults and Children in Rural Uganda
(AIDS, 2013-08)A real-time wireless electronic adherence monitor(EAM) and weekly self-report of missed doses via interactive voice response (IVR) and short message service (SMS) queries were used to measure ART adherence in 49 adults and ... -
Real-time electronic adherence monitoring plus follow-up improves adherence compared to standard electronic adherence monitoring
(AIDS, 2017-01)The impact of real-time electronic monitoring on antiretroviral therapy adherence warrants further study. We conducted an analysis of cohort participants that initially involved standard electronic adherence monitoring ... -
Real-time electronic adherence monitoring plus follow-up improves adherence compared with standard electronic adherence monitoring
(Aids, 2017)The impact of real-time electronic monitoring on antiretroviral therapy adherence warrants further study. We conducted an analysis of cohort participants that initially involved standard electronic adherence monitoring ... -
Real-world use and outcomes of dolutegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy in HIV and tuberculosis co-infection: a site survey and cohort study in sub-Saharan Africa
(Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2022)Introduction: Dolutegravir is being scaled up globally as part of antiretroviral therapy (ART), but for people with HIV and tuberculosis co-infection, its use is complicated by a drug–drug interaction with rifampicin ... -
Renal Tubular Dysfunction Among People Living with HIV on Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Uganda: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
(Reserach square, 2022)Background Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF), the most commonly prescribed antiretroviral drug globally is associated with renal tubular dysfunction (RTD) whose magnitude is poorly understood in resource limited settings. ... -
Retention in Care among HIV-Infected Patients in Resource-Limited Settings: Emerging Insights and New Directions
(Current Hiv/aids Reports, 2010)In resource-limited settings—where a massive scale up of HIV services has occurred in the last 5 years— both understanding the extent of and improving retention in care presents special challenges. First, retention in care ... -
Reversal of the Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Catabolism May Improve Depression in ART-treated HIV-infected Ugandans
(Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, 2014-04)Background: Major depressive disorder is highly prevalent among HIV-infected persons, and depression symptom severity improves during the course of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART). The potential biologic pathways explaining ... -
Risk Factors of Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer in Southwestern Uganda: A Case-Control Study
(Jacobs Journal of Internal Medicine, 2015)Background: Despite the high rates and regional variations of squamous cell cancer of the esophagus (ESCC) in East Africa, little is known about the region specific risk factors. We aim to determine factors associated with ... -
A secondary analysis of depression outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of adjunctive sertraline for HIV associated cryptococcal meningitis
(Wellcome Open Research, 2022)Background: Depression is a risk factor for worse HIV outcomes in persons living with HIV/AIDS, including engagement-in-care, HIV medication adherence, and retention-in-care. Depression has a prevalence of more than three ... -
Short course amphotericin B with high dose fluconazole for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis
(Journal of Infection, 2012)Summary Objective: To define more rapidly effective initial antifungal regimens sustainable in resource-constrained settings. Methods: Cohort study in SW Uganda: Thirty HIV-seropositive, antiretroviral therapy-na€ıve, ... -
Single-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B Treatment for Cryptococcal Meningitis
(New England Journal of Medicine, 2022-03-24)Background: Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–related death in sub-Saharan Africa. Whether a treatment regimen that includes a single high dose of liposomal amphotericin B ... -
Smoking cessation after engagement in HIV care in rural Uganda
(AIDS care, 2018)People living with HIV (PLWH) are more likely to smoke compared to HIV-uninfected counterparts, but little is known about smoking behaviors in sub-Saharan Africa. To address this gap in knowledge, we characterized smoking ... -
Standard of care in advanced HIV disease: review of HIV treatment guidelines in six sub-Saharan African countries
(AIDS Research and Therapy, 2023)Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends an evidence-based package of care to reduce mortality and morbidity among people with advanced HIV disease (AHD). Adoption of these recommendations by national ... -
Standardized Urine-Based Tuberculosis (TB) Screening With TB-Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra in Ugandan Adults With Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease and Suspected Meningitis
(In Open forum infectious diseases, 2020)Background. Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains challenging. We sought to determine the prevalence of disseminated TB by testing urine with TB-lipoarabinomannan (TB-LAM) lateral flow assay and Xpert MTB/RIF ... -
Sterile Cerebrospinal Fluid Culture at Cryptococcal Meningitis Diagnosis Is Associated with High Mortality
(Journal of Fungi, 2023)Cryptococcus is the leading cause of AIDS-related meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa. The clinical implications of a sterile cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture among individuals diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis using ... -
Stroke Mortality Outcomes in Uganda
(Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 2021)Background and Purpose: Stroke outcome data in Uganda is lacking. The objective of this study was to capture 30-day mortality outcomes in patients presenting with acute and subacute stroke to Mbarara Regional Referral ... -
Super learner analysis of real-time electronically monitored adherence to antiretroviral therapy under constrained optimization and comparison to non-differentiated care approaches for persons living with HIV in rural Uganda
(Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2020)Introduction: Real-time electronic adherence monitoring (EAM) systems could inform on-going risk assessment for HIV viraemia and be used to personalize viral load testing schedules. We evaluated the potential of real-time ...