Prevalence and Factors Associated With Hyperglycemia Among Patients on Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study From Central Uganda

Abstract

Background: The use of dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been associated with the development of hyperglycemia. This study determined the prevalence and factors associated with hyperglycemia among people living with HIV (PLWH) on DTG-based ART in Uganda. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 219 systematically recruited PLWH on DTG-based ART for ≥1 year at a Health Centre IV in Central Uganda. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory investigations. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with hyperglycemia. Results: Out of 219 participants, 45 had fasting glucose ≥110 mg/dL, giving a hyperglycemia prevalence of 20.55% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.68%-26.45%). Overweight (aOR 8.11, 95% CI: 2.76-23.85, P < .001) and abnormal waist-to-hip ratio (aOR 4.36, 95% CI: 1.23-15.37, P =.022) were significantly associated with hyperglycemia. Conclusions: Hyperglycemia is prevalent among PLWH on DTG-based ART and is potentially associated with overweight and abnormal waist-to-hip ratio.