Browsing Research Articles by Title
Now showing items 1-20 of 256
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Ability of HIV-1 Nef to downregulate CD4 and HLA class I differs among viral subtypes
(Retrovirology, 2013)Background: The highly genetically diverse HIV-1 group M subtypes may differ in their biological properties. Nef is an important mediator of viral pathogenicity; however, to date, a comprehensive inter-subtype comparison ... -
Access to and Quality of Primary Healthcare: a Multi-Country Qualitative Case Study in West and East Africa
(Research square, 2020)Background: Universal health coverage is one of the Sustainable Development Goal targets known to improve population health and reduce financial burden. There is little qualitative data on access to and quality of primary ... -
Adding Fuel to the Fire: Alcohol’s Effect on the HIV Epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa
(Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 2011)Alcohol consumption adds fuel to the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). SSA has the highest prevalence of HIV infection and heavy episodic drinking in the world. Alcohol consumption is associated with behaviors such ... -
Adherence to Antihypertensive Medication: An Interview Analysis of Southwest Ugandan Patients’ Perspectives
(Annals of Global Health, 2020)Background: Hypertension is a significant cardiovascular disease (CVD) and driver to CVD disorders in sub-Saharan Africa. It is a major independent risk factor for heart failure, stroke, and kidney failure. Per¬sons living ... -
Adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy among pregnant and postpartum women during the Option B+ era: 12-month cohort study in urban South Africa and rural Uganda
(Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2020)Introduction: We conducted a cohort study to understand patterns of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence during pregnancy, postpartum and non-pregnancy follow-up among women initiating ART in public clinics offering ... -
Adjunctive sertraline for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase 3 trial
(Elsevier, 2019-08)Background Identifying new antifungals for cryptococcal meningitis is a priority given the inadequacy of current therapy. Sertraline has previously shown in vitro and in vivo activity against cryptococcus. We aimed to ... -
Aggregate Evaluable Organ Dysfunction Predicts In-Hospital Mortality from Sepsis in Uganda
(The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2011)We evaluated the association between severity of sepsis and in-hospital mortality in 150 patients with nonsurgical sepsis at a regional referral hospital in Uganda. In-hospital mortality occurred in 5 of 52 (9.6%) patients ... -
Aggregate Evaluable Organ Dysfunction Predicts In-Hospital Mortality from Sepsis in Uganda
(The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2011)We evaluated the association between severity of sepsis and in-hospital mortality in 150 patients with nonsurgical sepsis at a regional referral hospital in Uganda. In-hospital mortality occurred in 5 of 52 (9.6%) patients ... -
Agreement Between Measures of Adherence to Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Among People With HIV in Uganda
(In Open forum infectious diseases, 2022)Background: Isoniazid (INH) preventative therapy is recommended for people with HIV (PWH) in resource-constrained settings. Valid measures are needed to assess adherence. We aimed to examine agreement between measures ... -
Alcohol Consumption and Tryptophan Metabolism Among People with HIV Prior to Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: The Uganda ARCH Cohort Study
(Alcohol and Alcoholism, 2022)Aims: Alcohol is hypothesized to have effects on the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism, a potential mechanism for alcohol-induced depression and aggression. A biomarker of this pathway, the plasma kynurenine to ... -
Alcohol Consumption in Ugandan HIV-Infected Household-Brewers Versus Non-Brewers
(AIDS and Behavior, 2016)The brewing of alcohol in Ugandan households is common, yet little is known about its relationship with alcohol consumption in HIV-infected individuals. We performed a cross-sectional analysis to assess the association ... -
Alcohol Use and Food Insecurity Among People Living with HIV in Mbarara, Uganda and St. Petersburg, Russia
(AIDS and Behavior, 2017)Food insecurity (FI) is a documented problem associated with adverse health outcomes among HIV-infected populations. Little is known about the relationship between alcohol use and FI. We assessed whether heavy alcohol use ... -
Alcohol Use and HIV Disease Progression in an Antiretroviral Naive Cohort
(JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2018)Background: Alcohol use has been shown to accelerate disease progression in experimental studies of simian immunodeficiency virus in macaques, but the results in observational studies of HIV have been conflicting. Methods: ... -
An analysis of stroke risk factors by HIV serostatus in Uganda: Implications for stroke prevention in sub-Saharan Africa
(Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 2022)Objective: HIV infection is an important stroke risk factor in sub-Saharan Africa. However, data on stroke risk factors in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART) are sparse. We aimed to determine if stroke risk factors ... -
Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Interruptions are Associated with Systemic Inflammation among Ugandans who Achieved Viral Suppression
(Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, 2019)Background: Residual systemic inflammation, which is associated with non-AIDS clinical outcomes, may persist despite viral suppression. We assessed the effect of antiretroviral (ART) adherence interruptions on systemic ... -
Antiretroviral Therapy is Associated with Increased Fertility Desire, but not Pregnancy or Live Birth, among HIV+ Women in an Early HIV Treatment Program in Rural Uganda
(AIDS and Behavior, 2009)To assess the association between antiretroviral therapy (ART) and fertility history and desire among HIV positive Ugandan women, we conducted a cross-sectional study among HIV-positive Ugandan women aged 18– 50 years who ... -
Association between biomarkers of inflammation and dyslipidemia in drug resistant tuberculosis in Uganda
(Lipids in Health and Disease, 2024)Background: Active tuberculosis (TB) significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between inflammation biomarkers ... -
Association between biomarkers of inflammation and dyslipidemia in drug resistant tuberculosis in Uganda
(Lipids in Health and Disease, 2024)Background: Active tuberculosis (TB) significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between inflammation biomarkers ... -
Association between HIV and blood pressure in adults and role of body weight as a mediator: Cross-sectional study in Uganda
(Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 2017-06)The authors sought to describe the association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and blood pressure (BP) levels, and determined the extent to which this relationship is mediated by body weight in a cross-sectional ... -
Association between HIV and Prevalent Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in South Africa: analysis of a nationally representative cross-sectional survey
(International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2022)Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) burden is rising among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa. It is unclear whether this reflects absolute increase in HIV-related CVD risk or unmasking by improved ...
