Organ donation and HIV: Awareness and willingness to be a living donor among people with HIV in Uganda

Abstract

Background: HIV+-to-HIV+ organ transplantation has demonstrated promise and is now authorized for research purposes in certain countries. However, organ transplantation is dependent on the availability of organ donors. We assessed the awareness and willingness to donate organs among people with HIV(PWH) in Uganda. Methods: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study between October 2023 and January 2024 in four large HIV clinics in Northern Uganda. The study population consisted of PWH. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data regarding awareness, willingness, and beliefs regarding organ donation. Organ donation was defined as the willingness to be a living donor of a solid organ. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to assess for an association between willingness to donate organs and selected exposures. Data were analyzed in Stata version 15.0. Results are expressed as adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: A total of 232 participants were recruited. The mean age ± standard deviation of the participants was 42.2±11.8 years. All participants were on antiretroviral therapy. Sixty-two (26.7%) had a CD4 count less than or equal to 200 cells/mm3. The majority (80.6%, n=187) had ever heard of organ donation. Slightly more than a third (34.9%, n = 81) were willing to donate organs. Factors associated with willingness to be a living organ donor included being female (AOR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.15−2.11), having a tertiary education level (AOR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.03−3.11), average monthly income >500 000 UGX (135.1USD) (AOR: 5.5; 95% CI: 1.97−15.40), ever heard about organ donation (AOR: 5.4; 95% CI: 1.67−17.8), and attending an organ donation campaign (AOR:2.0;95%CI:1.07−3.74). Conclusions: Awareness about organ donation was high but the willingness to be a living organ donor was low among PWH in Uganda. There is a need to sensitize the community about the need and benefits of organ donation with the involvement of media and the health care workers.