Research Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 181-200 of 252
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Tuberculosis in HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis is Associated with an Increased Risk of Death
(Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2020)Tuberculosis (TB) and cryptococcal meningitis are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in advanced HIV disease. Data are limited on TB co-infection among individuals with cryptococcal meningitis. We performed a ... -
Impact of biological sex on cryptococcal meningitis mortality in Uganda and South Africa
(Medical Mycology, 2021)The role of biological sex on clinical outcomes and the pathogenesis of AIDS-related opportunistic infections is unknown. We assessed baseline biomarkers and outcomes between 577 men and 400 women in HIV-related cryptococcal ... -
Dietary Heterocyclic Amine Intake and Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Rural Uganda
(International journal of cancer and clinical research, 2021)Dietary exposure to 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) in cooked meats maybe responsible for the high burden of Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in southwestern Uganda. We conducted a pilot ... -
Focused, Abbreviated Training in the Performance and Interpretation of Transthoracic Echocardiography Shows Promise in Rural Uganda
(Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2016)Background: Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is increasingly available in resource-limited settings but formal TTE training is limited by cost and lack of sub-specialists. We sought to compare the TTE interpretations ... -
Importance of Genetic Studies of Cardiometabolic Disease in Diverse Populations
(Circulation research, 2020)Genome-wide association studies have revolutionized our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of cardiometabolic disease. Yet, the inadequate representation of individuals of diverse ancestral backgrounds in these ... -
Integrating care for non-communicable diseases into routine HIV services: key considerations for policy design in sub-Saharan Africa
(Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2020)Introduction: There is great interest for integrating care for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) into routine HIV services in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) due to the steady rise of the number of people who are ageing with HIV. ... -
Treated HIV Infection and Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Rural Uganda: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
(Journal of the American Heart Association, 2021)BACKGROUND: Although ≈70% of the world’s population of people living with HIV reside in sub-Saharan Africa, there are minimal prospective data on the contributions of HIV infection to atherosclerosis in the region. METHODS ... -
Willingness and ability to pay for healthcare insurance: A cross-sectional study of Seven Communities in East and West Africa (SevenCEWA)
(PLOS Global Public Health, 2021)Willingness and ability to pay for insurance that would cover primary healthcare services has not been evaluated consistently in different African communities. We conducted a cross-sectional community health survey and ... -
Learning from People with HIV: Their Insights are Critical to Our Response to the Intersecting COVID‑19 and HIV Pandemics in Africa
(AIDS and Behavior, 2020)Nearly 70% of the global population of people with HIV (PWH) live in sub-Saharan Africa, in countries that are likely to be severely impacted by the rising third wave of COVID-19. The first case of COVID-19 in Sub Saharan ... -
Cost-effectiveness analysis of integrating screening and treatment of selected non-communicable diseases into HIV/AIDS treatment in Uganda
(Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2020)Introduction: Despite growing enthusiasm for integrating treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care and treatment services in sub-Saharan Africa, there is little evidence on ... -
Association of Gut Intestinal Integrity and Inflammation with Insulin Resistance in Adults Living with HIV in Uganda
(AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 2019)We conducted a cross-sectional study of 148 HIV+ on HIV antiretroviral therapy and 149 HIV- adults in Mbarara, Uganda, to estimate the association between HIV infection and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ... -
Access to and Quality of Primary Healthcare: a Multi-Country Qualitative Case Study in West and East Africa
(Research square, 2020)Background: Universal health coverage is one of the Sustainable Development Goal targets known to improve population health and reduce financial burden. There is little qualitative data on access to and quality of primary ... -
A General Report of the Prevalence and Correlates of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Southwestern Uganda
(Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2013)Background: Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasingly recognized as a public health priority in developing countries, with the greatest regional increase in NCD deaths over the next decade predicted in ... -
Inflammatory biomarkers prior to antiretroviral therapy as prognostic markers of 12-month mortality in South Africa and Uganda
(AIDS, 2019)Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the utility of biomarkers of immune activation, systemic inflammation and coagulopathy prior to antiretroviral therapy to predict mortality during the first year of ... -
Variation in HIV-1 Nef function within and among viral subtypes reveals genetically separable antagonism of SERINC3 and SERINC5
(PLoS pathogens, 2020)HIV Nef counteracts cellular host restriction factors SERINC3 and SERINC5, but our understanding of how naturally occurring global Nef sequence diversity impacts these activities is limited. Here, we quantify SERINC3 and ... -
Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy and Systemic Inflammation in Sub-Saharan Africa: Results From the META Longitudinal Cohort Study
(The Journal of infectious diseases, 2019)Chronic inflammation predicts complications in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection. We compared D-dimer, soluble CD14, and interleukin 6 levels before and 12 months after antiretroviral therapy (ART) ... -
High acceptability for cell phone text messages to improve communication of laboratory results with HIV-infected patients in rural Uganda: a cross-sectional survey study
(BMC medical informatics and decision making, 2012)Background: Patient-provider communication is a major challenge in resource-limited settings with large catchment areas. Though mobile phone usership increased 20-fold in Africa over the past decade, little is known about ... -
Adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy among pregnant and postpartum women during the Option B+ era: 12-month cohort study in urban South Africa and rural Uganda
(Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2020)Introduction: We conducted a cohort study to understand patterns of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence during pregnancy, postpartum and non-pregnancy follow-up among women initiating ART in public clinics offering ... -
A Causal Framework for Understanding the Effect of Losses to Follow-up on Epidemiologic Analyses in Clinic-based Cohorts: The Case of HIV-infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Africa
(American journal of epidemiology, 2012)Although clinic-based cohorts are most representative of the ‘‘real world,’’ they are susceptible to loss to follow-up. Strategies for managing the impact of loss to follow-up are therefore needed to maximize the value of ... -
Cerebrospinal Fluid Culture Positivity and Clinical Outcomes After Amphotericin-Based Induction Therapy for Cryptococcal Meningitis
(Infectious Diseases Society of America., 2015-10-19)Background. Amphotericin-based combination antifungal therapy reduces mortality from human immunode-fificiency virus (HIV)-associated cryptococcal meningitis. However, 40%–50% of individuals have positive cerebrospinal ...