Department of Internal Medicine
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Association between smoking and lack of HIV virological suppression in a cross-sectional study of persons with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda
(PLoS ONE, 2024)Background: Smoking and alcohol use frequently co-occur and are the leading causes of preventable death in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and are common among people living with HIV (PLWH). While alcohol use has been shown to ... -
Real-world use and outcomes of dolutegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy in HIV and tuberculosis co-infection: a site survey and cohort study in sub-Saharan Africa
(Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2022)Introduction: Dolutegravir is being scaled up globally as part of antiretroviral therapy (ART), but for people with HIV and tuberculosis co-infection, its use is complicated by a drug–drug interaction with rifampicin ... -
A prospective ascertainment of cancer incidence in sub- Saharan Africa: The case of Kaposi sarcoma
(Cancer medicine, 2016)In resource- limited areas, such as sub- Saharan Africa, problems in accurate cancer case ascertainment and enumeration of the at- risk population make it difficult to estimate cancer incidence. We took advantage of a large ... -
Toward an Understanding of Disengagement from HIV Treatment and Care in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Qualitative Study
(PLoS medicine, 2013)Background: The rollout of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa has brought lifesaving treatment to millions of HIVinfected individuals. Treatment is lifelong, however, and to continue to benefit, patients must ... -
Traditional healer-delivered point-of-care HIV testing versus referral to clinical facilities for adults of unknown serostatus in rural Uganda: a mixed-methods, cluster-randomised trial
(The Lancet Global Health, 2021)Background: HIV counselling and testing are essential to control the HIV epidemic. However, HIV testing uptake is low in sub-Saharan Africa, where many people use informal health-care resources such as traditional healers. ... -
Tuberculin skin test positivity among HIVinfected alcohol drinkers on antiretrovirals in south-western Uganda
(PloS one, 2020)Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among people living with HIV (PLWH), and current evidence suggests that heavy alcohol users have an increased risk of developing TB disease compared to non-drinkers. ... -
Unhealthy alcohol use and intimate partner violence among men and women living with HIV in Uganda.
(BMC public health, 2022)Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and alcohol use are interrelated public health issues. Heavy and frequent alcohol use increase the risk of IPV, but the relationship between alcohol use and IPV (including recent ... -
Development and Validation of the East Africa Alcohol Expectancy Scale (AFEXS)
(Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 2015)Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the East Africa Alcohol Expectancy Scale (AFEXS), a measure of alcohol expectancies for use with HIV-positive adults in East Africa. Method: The study was ... -
Quantifying the burden of cardiovascular diseases among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: Findings from a modeling study for Uganda
(Journal of Global Health Reports, 2020)Background: The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is rapidly increasing in low- and middle-income countries, but remains largely unknown among people living with HIV (PLWH) in most sub-Saharan African countries. ... -
Prevalence of elevated liver transaminases and their relationship with alcohol use in people living with HIV on anti-retroviral therapy in Uganda
(PloS one, 2021)Background: Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) reduces tuberculosis reactivation and mortality among persons living with HIV (PLWH), yet hepatotoxicity concerns exclude “regular and heavy alcohol drinkers” from IPT. We ... -
Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda
(BMC psychiatry, 2021)Background: We aimed to describe the prevalence of PTSD symptoms and its associated factors in persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Uganda who engage in heavy alcohol use. Methods: We analyzed baseline data from the Drinkers ... -
Patient choice improves self-efficacy and intention to complete tuberculosis preventive therapy in a routine HIV program setting in Uganda
(PLoS One, 2021)A 12-dose weekly regimen of rifapentine plus isoniazid (3HP) is recommended for the prevention of active tuberculosis (TB); however, it is unclear whether 3HP should be provided by directly observed therapy (DOT) or ... -
Late disease stage at presentation to an HIV clinic in the era of free antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa
(JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2009)Background: Access to free antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa has been steadily increasing, and the success of large-scale ART programs depends on early initiation of HIV care. However, little is known about ... -
Interventions to Increase HIV Testing Uptake in Global Settings
(Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 2022)Purpose of Review: HIV testing is the critical first step to direct people living with HIV (PLWH) to treatment. However, progress is still being made towards the UNAIDS benchmark of 95% of PLWH knowing their status by 2030. ... -
Qualitative Study of Changes in Alcohol Use Among HIV-Infected Adults Entering Care and Treatment for HIV/AIDS in Rural Southwest Ugand
(AIDS and Behavior, 2015)Alcohol has a substantial negative impact on the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Uganda, where heavy alcohol consumption is common. Using a content analytic approach, this qualitative study characterizes ... -
Retention in Care among HIV-Infected Patients in Resource-Limited Settings: Emerging Insights and New Directions
(Current Hiv/aids Reports, 2010)In resource-limited settings—where a massive scale up of HIV services has occurred in the last 5 years— both understanding the extent of and improving retention in care presents special challenges. First, retention in care ... -
Estimation of mortality among HIV-infected people on antiretroviral treatment in east Africa: a sampling based approach in an observational, multisite, cohort study
(The lancet HIV, 2015)Background: Mortality in HIV-infected people after initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in resource-limited settings is an important measure of the effectiveness and comparative effectiveness of the global public ... -
Digital Health Screening in People With HIV in Uganda to Increase Alcohol Use Reporting: Qualitative Study on the Development and Testing of the Self-administered Digital Screener for Health
(JMIR formative research, 2022)Background: Alcohol consumption is a critical driver of the HIV epidemic worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where unhealthy alcohol use and HIV are prevalent. Brief alcohol interventions are effective in ... -
Diagnosing Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS) in East Africa: how accurate are clinicians and pathologists?
(Infectious Agents and Cancer, 2012)HIV-associated KS is the most common reported malignancy in sub-Saharan Africa, and appropriate therapy of KS requires accurate diagnosis. In much of the region, however, KS diagnosis is limited to clinical suspicion without ... -
Contraceptive Use and Associated Factors among Women Enrolling into HIV Care in Southwestern Uganda
(Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology, 2012)Background: Preventing unintended pregnancies among women living with HIV is an important component of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT), yet few data exist on contraceptive use among women entering ...