Browsing Research Articles by Title
Now showing items 30-49 of 252
-
Can improved diagnostics reduce mortality from Tuberculous meningitis? Findings from a 6.5-year cohort in Uganda [version 1; referees: awaiting peer review]
(Wellcome Open Research, 2018-05-29)Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the second most common cause of meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa and is notoriously difficult to diagnose. We describe the impact of improved TBM diagnostics over 6.5 years at ... -
Capacity Building in Sub-Saharan Africa as Part of the INTENSE-TBM Project During the COVID-19 Pandemic
(Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 2022)Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe and disabling form of tuberculosis (TB), with at least 100,000 cases per year and a mortality rate of up to 50% in individuals co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus ... -
Caregiving burden and mental health problems among family caregivers of people with dementia in rural Uganda
(2020-04-26)Background. Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias are associated with increasing health burden in low- and middle-income countries. Less well-recognized is the potential health burden experienced by other affected ... -
A Causal Framework for Understanding the Effect of Losses to Follow-up on Epidemiologic Analyses in Clinic-based Cohorts: The Case of HIV-infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Africa
(American journal of epidemiology, 2012)Although clinic-based cohorts are most representative of the ‘‘real world,’’ they are susceptible to loss to follow-up. Strategies for managing the impact of loss to follow-up are therefore needed to maximize the value of ... -
Causal impact of malnutrition on mortality among adults hospitalized for medical illness in sub-Saharan Africa: what is the role of severe sepsis?
(BMC Nutrition, 2015)Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, malnutrition is associated with mortality in adults hospitalized for medical illness. However, it remains unclear whether this association is causal, and if causal, what the potential ... -
Cell Phone Availability and Usage for mHealth and Intervention Delivery to Persons Living With HIV in a Low-Resource Setting: Cross-sectional Study
(JMIR Formative Research, 2022)Background: HIV/AIDS is now a manageable chronic illness owing to effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), which involves routine follow-up care, including regular physical visits to the clinic. In the recent past, and in ... -
Cerebrospinal Fluid Culture Positivity and Clinical Outcomes After Amphotericin-Based Induction Therapy for Cryptococcal Meningitis
(Infectious Diseases Society of America., 2015-10-19)Background. Amphotericin-based combination antifungal therapy reduces mortality from human immunode-fificiency virus (HIV)-associated cryptococcal meningitis. However, 40%–50% of individuals have positive cerebrospinal ... -
Cerebrospinal Fluid Early Fungicidal Activity as a Surrogate Endpoint for Cryptococcal Meningitis Survival in Clinical Trials
(Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2020)Background: In cryptococcal meningitis phase 2 clinical trials, early fungicidal activity (EFA) of Cryptococcus clearance from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is used as a surrogate endpoint for all-cause mortality. The Food and ... -
Cerebrospinal Fluid Lactate as a Prognostic Marker of Disease Severity and Mortality in Cryptococcal Meningitis
(Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2021)Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate levels can be used to differentiate between bacterial and viral meningitis. We measured CSF lactate in individuals with cryptococcal meningitis to determine its clinical ... -
The Changing Epidemiology of HIV-Associated Adult Meningitis, Uganda 2015–2017
(In Open forum infectious diseases, 2019)Background. Central nervous system (CNS) infections remain a major public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa, causing 15%–25% of AIDS-related deaths. With widespread availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the ... -
Cigarette smoking is associated with an increase in blood monocytes in people with tuberculosis A cross-sectional study
(Medicine, 2022)The effect of smoking on immune responses in people with tuberculosis (TB) is not well elucidated. We aimed to compare peripheral blood counts of CD4+ and CD87 + T-lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils and the CD4:CD8 ... -
Clinical features, resistance patterns and treatment outcomes of drug-resistant extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: A scoping review
(Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, 2023)Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a threat to tuberculosis (TB) control. Extra-pulmonary forms of DR-TB (DR-epTB) are not well characterized. This review summarizes the clinical features, resistance patterns ... -
Coinfection of COVID-19 and Tuberculosis in Uganda
(The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2023)The clinical features and outcomes of tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 coinfection are not well established. This short report describes 11 people with TB/COVID-19 coinfection in Uganda. The mean age was 46.9 6 14.5 years; ... -
Community perceptions about dementia in southwestern Uganda
(BMC Geriatrics, 2020)Background: With the increasing number of people surviving into older age in Africa, dementia is becoming a public health concern. Understanding the social dynamics of dementia in resource-limited settings is critical ... -
Comparative analyses of published cost effectiveness models highlight critical considerations which are useful to inform development of new models
(Journal of medical economics, 2020)Background: Comparative analyses of published cost effectiveness models provide useful insights into critical issues to inform the development of new cost effectiveness models in the same disease area. Objective: The ... -
Comparing the efficacy of endoscopic endonasal versus microscopic transsphenoidal approach for the management of sellar and suprasellar tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis protoco
(Journal of Surgical Protocols and Research Methodologies, 2023)Managing sellar and suprasellar tumors is challenging due to their diverse origins and proximity to critical structures. The transsphenoidal surgical approach has become the preferred method, evolving from transcranial ... -
Concordance Between Point-of-Care Urine Ethyl Glucuronide Alcohol Tests and Self-Reported Alcohol Use in Persons with HIV in Uganda
(AIDS and Behavior, 2022)In regions with high rates of alcohol use and HIV and TB infections, to accurately screen and assess alcohol use to maximize positive treatment outcomes remains problematic. In this study, we examined the concordance between ... -
Contraceptive Use and Associated Factors among Women Enrolling into HIV Care in Southwestern Uganda
(Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology, 2012)Background: Preventing unintended pregnancies among women living with HIV is an important component of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT), yet few data exist on contraceptive use among women entering ... -
Correction: Gender differences among patients with drug resistant tuberculosis and HIV co‑infection in Uganda: a countrywide retrospective cohort study
(BMC Infectious Diseases, 2023)Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified an error in the author name of Anna M. Stadelman. Additionally, the ORCID number was previously unavailable. The incorrect author name is: Anna ... -
Correlation between Blood and CSF Compartment Cytokines and Chemokines in Subjects with Cryptococcal Meningitis
(Mediators of Inflammation, 2020-10-29)Background: Though peripheral blood is a crucial sample to study immunology, it is unclear whether the immune environment in the peripheral vasculature correlates with that at the end-organ site of infection. Using ...